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Notes on Doris Lessing, Winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize for Literature
by Liz Johnson, Collection Development Bibliographer
Doris Lessing's oeuvre and skills demonstrate a combination of a deep understanding of the human condition, coupled with an unfearing and uncompromising ability to delve into her characters' inner psyches, often by way of her own, and the ability to let her imagination run away with itself into places, whether the smallest cave of the mind, vast savannahs of central-southern Africa or the limitless reaches of space, where others might not dare and probably wouldn't think to tread. With true authorial observational skills, nothing is lost on her, that is, nothing about humanity or its overall tenacity in the face of a continually tenuous place in the universe (albeit currently our tenuous existence is self-inflicted through toying with the atom). One may hope that it is this combination that made her the choice of the Nobel Prize Committee for that highest of literary honors, despite or perhaps flying in the face of what literary traditionalists such as Harold Bloom might say. Many would say that Lessing was not an obvious choice, in fact Bloom said this to the Associated Press: "I find her work for the past 15 years quite unreadable . . . fourth-rate science fiction," and also called the award "pure political correctness" (Maiello).
If the honor is only given to Lessing for political reasons, whether it be anti-colonialist, anti-capitalist, or anti-sexist - which by the way are all topics she has treated unflinchingly - then that is a shame and dims the light of the literary enterprise. However, if you look at the entire body of her work you see that she has helped to expand that literary enterprise and expand human consciousness by way of not giving into the literary establishment. If she hadn't taken on the patriarchy by examining sexism in its many guises and if she had not committed the cardinal sin against the literary establishment of writing what she calls "space fiction" - if she hadn't taken on the arbiters of literature then the world would be the poorer, we would all have missed out on the full range of her intellect. Although she no longer agrees with communism, if the work she wrote while she was a member of the communist party were just dry dispassionate commentaries they would not be worth remembering now, even though in light of later history they now seem filled with polemic.
She says it better in her 1978 prefatory remarks to the Shikasta novels, AKA her five-volume science fiction epic Canopus in Argos: Archives:
". . . Space fiction . . . makes up the most original branch of literature now; it is inventive and witty; it has already enlivened all kinds of writing; and . . . literary academics and pundits are much to blame for patronising or ignoring it--while of course by their nature they can be expected to do no other. This view shows signs of becoming the stuff of orthodoxy."
She goes on to gratefully praise science fiction authors and the genre as a "phenomenon . . . exploding out of nowhere . . . as always happens when the human mind is being forced to expand." She also lauds those authors "who have played the indispensable and (at least at the start) thankless role of the despised illegitimate son who can afford to tell truths the respectable siblings either do not dare, or, more likely, do not notice because of their respectability" (Lessing, "Some Remarks"). What prescient comments these were about her own career!
It is true that much science fiction is formulaic and/or full of clichés or rehashings of tired plot-lines. This may in part be attributed to editors especially in the mass or pulp market having to stamp out some inventiveness in their authors in favor of honoring the God of the Almighty Dollar. Doris Lessing's works stand in stark contrast to such pulp works. Anyone who wants to get out of the neighborhood of literary convention and read some works that are not bound by formula or social conformity and which also address society's failings and successes may find some eye-openers or wafts of fresh air in Lessing's writings.
Whatever caused her to be so ingenious? One can see that the fact that she is self-educated makes her literary work less prone to the use of common, accepted, over-used literary artifice. Then came the incendiary influences of her embracing (and later eschewing) of communism and, still later, her immersion in the more personal teachings of Sufism, where humans are considered to be, "as Mrs. Lessing explains . . . 'the substance of that current which can develop man into a higher stage of evolution'.'' (Hazelton).
As to how much Lessing owes to the teachings of Sufism, she herself said it taught her "to be in the world but not of it." This would mesh well with a psychic stance that allows her to re-envision the world and re-make it but still recognizably portray many facets of both current and ancient human conditions in the Shikasta novels. Perhaps this is what also allowed her to establish an original mythology in her most recent novel Cleft, where she takes the notion that females came before males and plays it out to what would have happened when the first males arrived. She carries the idea further to outline what she thinks it would take to bring about a transition from single-sex communities into an intermingling of sexes in villages with gender-appropriate divisions of labor.
The following quote also explains why you see a juxtaposition of micro (individual psychological) and macro (socio-cultural) concerns in her works: ''I see inner space and outer space as reflections of each other. I don't see them as in opposition. Just as we are investigating subatomic particles and the outer limits of the planetary system - the large and the small simultaneously - so the inner and the outer are connected" (Hazelton).
There is another endearing apocryphal tale about Doris Lessing which is very telling about how she views the publishing world. She once submitted a manuscript under a different name to see how it would be treated by the publisher. True to normal slush-pile operations, she received a rejection notice, possibly with the comment "this reads like a sub-standard Doris Lessing novel." When she re-submitted the novel under her own name, apparently it was published without a hitch and no doubt received numerous book reviews. You just have to love the kind of ethic that would expose large publishers as the money-making enterprises they are when they are supposedly also the self-designed bearers of the literary torch, and it takes courage to show how those two goals just don't mesh.
Let us hope that with the winning of the Nobel Prize, Lessing's work may inspire and encourage writers everywhere to write fresh, inventive works outside the usual canon-inspired norms. Let us also hope that those authors find enlightened publishers willing to give them a try beyond the slush pile so that the human race can continue to expand and evolve and so that literature can thrive beyond the confines of Bloom's canon.
Sources:
Hazelton, Lesley. "Doris Lessing On Feminism, Communism And 'Space Fiction' " New York Times July 25, 1982. Accessed November 11, 2007 http://mural.uv.es/vemivein/feminismcommunism.htm
Lessing, Doris May, 1919-. Canopus in Argos: Archives. New York: Vintage International, 1992.
Maiello, Michael. "A Nobel Prize For Science Fiction" Forbes.com , October 12, 2007.
Accessed November 11, 2007 http://www.forbes.com/books/2007/10/12/nobel-prize-lessing-opinion-books-cz_mm_1012lessing.html
The list below consists of titles by Lessing which publishers list as available and which can be ordered from YBP, B&T or Alibris. For your convenience, this list is also available in a MS Excel spreadsheet. click here
BEN, IN THE WORLD: THE SEQUEL TO THE FIFTH CHILD.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS
• PUBLISHER: FLAMINGO
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $16.99 CLOTH (178 P.)
• ISBN: 0002261952
• ISBN-13: 9780002261951
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
CANOPUS IN ARGOS: ARCHIVES.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: VINTAGE
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $20.00 PAPER (1228 P.)
• ISBN: 0679741844
• ISBN-13: 9780679741848
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
CLEFT.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $25.95 CLOTH (260 P.)
• ISBN: 0060834862
• ISBN-13: 9780060834869
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
DORIS LESSING: CONVERSATIONS
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• EDITOR: EARL G. INGERSOLL
• PUBLISHER: ONTARIO REVIEW
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $13.95 PAPER (248 P.)
• ISBN: 0865380805
• ISBN-13: 9780865380806
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
FIFTH CHILD.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: VINTAGE
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: //////
• $10.95 PAPER (133 P.)
• ISBN: 0679721827
• ISBN-13: 9780679721826
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
GOING HOME.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERPERENNIAL
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $15.00 PAPER (256 P.)
• ISBN: 0060976306
• ISBN-13: 9780060976309
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
GOLDEN NOTEBOOK.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERPERENNIAL
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $15.95 PAPER (640 P.)
• ISBN: 006093140X
• ISBN-13: 9780060931407
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
GRANDMOTHERS/VICTORIA AND THE STAVENEYS/THE REASON FOR IT/A LOVE CHILD.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: FLAMINGO
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $15.99 CLOTH (311 P.)
• ISBN: 0007152795
• ISBN-13: 9780007152797
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
GRASS IS SINGING.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERPERENNIAL
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $13.00 PAPER (243 P.)
• ISBN: 0060953462
• ISBN-13: 9780060953461
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
HOME FOR THE HIGHLAND CATTLE; AND, THE ANTHEAP
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS
• EDITOR: JEAN PICKERING
• PUBLISHER: BROADVIEW PRESS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $16.95 PAPER (202 P.)
• ISBN: 1551113635
• ISBN-13: 9781551113630
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
IN PURSUIT OF THE ENGLISH: A DOCUMENTARY.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERPERENNIAL
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $14.00 PAPER (228 P.)
• ISBN: 0060976292
• ISBN-13: 9780060976293
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
MARTHA QUEST.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY
• PUBLISHER: HARPERPERENNIAL
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $14.00 PAPER (327 P.)
• ISBN: 006095969X
• ISBN-13: 9780060959692
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
MEMOIRS OF A SURVIVOR.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: VINTAGE BOOKS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $12.00 PAPER (213 P.)
• ISBN: 0394757599
• ISBN-13: 9780394757599
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
OLD AGE OF EL MAGNIFICO.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: FLAMINGO
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $5.99 CLOTH (48 P.)
• ISBN: 0002262002
• ISBN-13: 9780002262002
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
PARTICULARLY CATS...AND RUFUS.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY
• PUBLISHER: ALFRED A KNOPF
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: POP
• $19.50 CLOTH (129 P.)
• ISBN: 0394586719
• ISBN-13: 9780394586717
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
STORY OF GENERAL DANN AND MARA'S DAUGHTER, GRIOT AND THE SNOW DOG: A NOVEL.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $24.95 CLOTH (282 P.)
• ISBN: 006053012X
• ISBN-13: 9780060530129
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
SWEETEST DREAM.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $26.95 CLOTH (478 P.)
• ISBN: 0066213347
• ISBN-13: 9780066213347
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
TIME BITES: VIEWS AND REVIEWS.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $27.95 CLOTH (376 P.)
• ISBN: 0060831405
• ISBN-13: 9780060831400
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
UNDER MY SKIN: VOLUME ONE OF MY AUTOBIOGRAPHY, TO 1949.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS MAY, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $25.00 CLOTH (419 P.)
• ISBN: 0060171502
• ISBN-13: 9780060171506
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
WALKING IN THE SHADE: VOLUME TWO OF MY AUTOBIOGRAPHY.
• AUTHOR: LESSING, DORIS, 1919-
• PUBLISHER: HARPERCOLLINS
• PUBLICATION YEAR: 1991
• CONTENT LEVEL: GEN-AC
• $20.00 CLOTH (369 P.)
• ISBN: 0002558610
• ISBN-13: 9780002558617
• B&T • MAJORS • YBP
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